Morality depends on God’s command Essay

Hu worlds, from the cradle to the grave, are taught to respect society and its gentle many another(prenominal) an(prenominal) pre-existing intricate systems, often with no rhyme nor reason. How can peerless reliablely know what, and if, social systems are beneficial to them, when adept is agonistic to live nether the watchful eye of the society who bring into beingd these systems, and wish them to stop? Questioning society is something that is re god for those who wish for better systems than the ones they were given, ones that will serve to improve the human condition. However, society often neglects these difficult questions, makeing preferably easy answers, comm scarce accepted and passed down through the generations. Within the bourne of a questionable society arises humans who dedicate their lives to the searching for answers to these questions, in hopes of providing hu military man with a better understanding of its place. Philosophers are the title bestowed upon the se individuals, and one such philosopher who searched for truth, was Karl Marx.Karl Marx was a philosopher who interpreted the world, and through his interpretations, he succeeded in changing it. Whether or not it was for the better or the worse, remains discussion amongst many scholars. Among his many philosophical observations were worship is a type of illusion, that memorial itself is e acheate and progressive. He also supported womens liberation and stated that an outstanding goal of improving the human condition to be contactd by creating a new type of society for everyone. A new society for everyone would besotted the abolition of the old. It was this revolutionary nature of his philosophy which created a fear among those fewer who were, and those who still are, in agent. Marx was a fervent supporter of social criticism, and he believed that the criticism of religion was the premise of completely criticism. In his view, he be it to be a type of illusion. Marx borrow ed his spiritual philosophies from Feuerbach who wrote that man makes religion, not vice-versa, and in creating God in his own image, had alienated himself from himself (Marx, 1978/1848, p. 53). This meant that man had created a greater being in contrast to himself, reducing himself to a despicable dick who needed both the dogma of the church and the laws of g all overnment to guide and discover him.Marx agreed with this philosophy and described religion as the, sigh of the oppress creature, the sen erant of a heartless world, the soul of soulless conditions, adding that religion was the opium of the plenty (1978/1848, p. 54). Marx believed that the human condition causes people to create illusions, religion being one, which create a false happiness. He called for people to abandon their illusions and demand for their real happiness. The criticism of religion created an awareness as to its illusory nature, and Marx tangle powerfully that man should be able to create an illusio n-free creative activity, relying instead on his reason.To Marx, religion prohibits man from realizing himself as the center of his existence, an in place, creates an environment in which religious belief dictates his action. Men can never be free, as long as they accept their existence as subservient beings, indebted to a omnipotent supreme being. Religion is a tradition which has survived the ages, though eer changing to suit the times. Events such as the Reformation, or the Great Schism, only serve to support this, for religion, like all things man-made, is only used if it is a effective part of society. Marx believed that if religion were abolished human beings would overcome their self-inflicted alienation. The abandonment of this illusion, in Marxs view, could be one of many crucial cadences mankind towards advancement.Marx believed that humans could find meaning in fib, which he believed to be analog and progressive. He saw history as the unfolding of air division get bys, betwixt the owners of the successful forces, middle class, and the workers, proletariat. With his caprice of history, Marx used scientific observation to show how history was really the history of production. He set human existence as being the first premise in history. Humans moldiness live to create history, so he showed how humans survive, by producing useful things out of natural material.Through this he showed how man is the producer, and by victimisation natural materials, he created a new man-made nature over the original. This material conception of history is based on Hegels conception of history, along with Feurerbachs criticism of it, exclusively whereas Hegel claims man to be a self-alienating spirit, Feurerbach claims man to be self-alienating in its own, and the spirit Hegel speaks of, is demonstrablely the thought assist taking place in the mind. Marx argued that this human thought was determined by social and stinting forces, particularly those related t o the means of production.He explains that the regnant class of each historic period, is the class that controls the material force of society, and their ideas prevail. The goals or ideals of each earlier generation, he points out, are only formed by the later generations based the influence the prior generations had. This led Marx to develop a method of analysis called Dialectical Materialism, in which the clash of historical forces leads to changes in society.He also declared that all history is the history of class struggles, whether it be the slave-master relationship of earlier ages, or the employee-employer relationship of today. Marx expressed history as the process of human self-development, and criticized the prevalent economic system of Capitalism. He claimed that Capitalism must be abandoned in favor of a better economic system. He also felt this would happen, for he believed man to be capable of such a development.What, according to Marx, is the goodness aliveness-ti me? Why is it unattainable under capitalism? Critically analyze Marxs views.Marx believed that the outstanding goal of improving the human condition to create the good vitality was to be achieved by creating a new type of society for everyone. Marx claimed that in a Capitalist society, which still remains the most common economic system, the struggle between the working class, or proletariat, and the ruling business class, or bourgeoisie, would eventually end in the formation of a new society, a egalitarian society. Society can no longer live under this bourgoeisie, in other words, its existence is no longer compatible with society, sated Marx his work, manifesto of the Communist Party (1978/1848, p. 483). To Marx, the good life was impossible under a capitalist system.Marx points out how human history has delivered its make out of class struggles turned to revolutions, and the bourgeoisie society will be no different. In his writings, he often uses the French Revolution as an e xample, citing the uprising of the bourgeoisie against the motive feudal society. The one constant in the history of man has been the circumstance that some men have what other men wish in addition have, but do not. This puts man in competition with each other, and this leads to struggle amongst man, rather than cooperation amongst man. This consequently leads men to feel separated from others, by the share event that they become opposing forces.Marx applied this idea of alienation to insular property, which he said causes humans to work only for themselves, not for the good of their species. Because Capitalism has its roots in secret ownership, he felt that it created an environment, in effect(p) for greed and avarice to develop. This prevents man from focusing on cooperating, and maximizing their potential. Marx felt that it must be abandoned for the good of the species, and mans act development towards enlightenment. The economic system he proposed was a socialist one, or communism. He called for a communist society to overcome the dehumanizing effect of private property.Marxs proposed communist society would be one that would provide for all. more believe his view on the possibility of communism succeeding was unclouded idealism, but he believed that it was crucial for man. By creating a society where man could work together towards a common goal, it would be able to achieve many more important results. Marx believed that this could help create a classless society in which all men are provided for, and free to drive as they please. Certainly, in its pure form, communism seems that it would be able to thrive. However, since its inception, it has demonstrable a negative connotation in many countries, especially in the United States, which fought a Cold War with the hated commies. The failure of the Soviet Union, the Communist leader in the world, led many to believe that it was a system doomed to failure. Despite that, communism and Marxs beliefs in it, were all part of his plan of liberating man, and women as well. Amongst the many little-known facts about the philosophies of Karl Marx, was his support for womens liberation in a time when they did not share the privileges of men. He believed that this would encourage greater equality within societies, in that respectfore making life better for the society as a whole. More than a ascorbic acid ago, many years before women were allowed to vote in the United States, Marx wrote of his views towards womens rights. In the modern bourgeoisie society, Marx explained in so many words, that women in a capitalist system were nothing more to men than some other instrument of production.Men, who controlled the world as wells as its productive forces, also controlled women. Because the instruments of production are to be exploited, women are exploited. With the abolition of the bourgeoisie society, women would be free from every form of prostitution, public or private. For the Communi sts, there was, no need to introduce community of women it has always existed almost from time immemorial (1978/1848, p. 488) But traditional capitalistic values make this fact all but impossible to notice, and for Marx, womens equality was another step towards human enlightenment and the good life. The philosophies of Karl Marx continue to draw varied opinions. For many years, people who were believed to be communist were persecuted, many in spite of their actual innocence. In the United States, propaganda and political movements against Marxist philosophies, created fear in and ignorance in millions. Perhaps, it is the revolutionary nature of Marxist philosophy that has many men of power frightened. Perhaps, an educated and motivated working class, with nothing too lose but their shackles, is something which causes fear in those who have everything too lose. Anyone with common sense would be able to see the benefits of helping our fellow man, and the benefits of pooling our collec tive talents towards a common goal. But as long as people continue to accept their oppression, the goal of enlightenment grows more distant. WORKING MEN OF ALL COUNTRIES, associate (1978/1848, p. 500).Works CitedMarx, K. (1978/1848). Communist Manifesto. The Marx-Engels Reader. Trans. Tucker, R. C.,Second Edition. New York W. W. Norton.